Operating A bus Rapid Transit
System
This Recommended Practice provides
guidance for operational
Considerations for bus
rapid transit system
In recent years, public transportation
systems have been implementing
and studying a wide variety of technological and service innovations. Curiously
enough, these innovations have generally been considered essentially
independently of each other:
(a) Information
systems to enhance fleet management and passenger information, often under the
general category of “Advanced Public Transportation Systems”, APTS;
(b)
fully-automated guide way transit (AGT) systems, including automated
metro operations;
(c)
high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane operations on freeways, separating
buses, vanpools and carpools from the more congested traffic on the general
mixed-flow lanes;
(d)
light-rail transit (LRT) deployments in smaller and less dense urban
areas than have previously been considered candidates for rail transit
services;
2-Background and Justification:
The
purpose of this document is to provide guidance to planners, transit agencies,
local governments, developers and others interested in operating a BRT systems
or enhancing existing BRT systems. This Recommended Practice is part of
a series of APTA documents covering the key elements that may comprise a BRT
system. Because BRT elements perform best when working together as a system,
each Recommended Practice may refer to other documents in the series.
Agencies are advised to review all relevant guidance documents for their
selected elements.
3-Project
Methodology:
Automated fare collection (AFC)
system
Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) System
is a travel ticketing system
which allows collection & management of
fare for public transport in a prompt and accurate manner, through the
deployment of information technology systems. This system allows the automated
collection of payment through PDAs and Ticket Vending Machines (TVMs). AFC
system reduces the need for ticket checking staff and helps to prevent fraud.
OFF-Board ticketing system is provided for collection of fare on all MBS route.
Bus scheduling system (BSS)
Bus scheduling system (BSS)
The BSS system helps to manage and
control the route scheduling and bus route operation via state of the art
Operations Control Centre being established at the ARFA Software Technology
Park, Lahore.
Vehicle tracking system (VTS)
Vehicle tracking system (VTS)
VTS
System allows tracking of the bus, and conveying real time bus information to
the bus station, control center and for telemetry. The VTS System uses a Driver
Console for the exchange of textual information between the driver and control
center.
·
We
use iterative process for our project.
·
For
designing use HTML/CSS, J-query, java script.
·
PHP
use for navigation between pages for data recorded (teachers, students,
assignments, plagiarism detection).
·
Use
Algorithm or PHP code for plagiarism detection in student’s assignments.
Combining the OBRT information technologies with BRT service should be
relatively straightforward because these are naturally complementary to each
other and the risks are low. However, some more dramatic opportunities arise
when combining BRT service with AGT-like automation technology and HOV lane
operations. The transit industry has the advantage of having already developed
a substantial body of design and operating experience with driverless automated
vehicles operating on their own guide ways in applications such as Vancouver’s
Sky train, Lille’s VAL Metro, London’s Docklands Light Railway, Lyons’ MAGGALY
Metro and Paris’ Meteor Metro. Millions of passengers use these systems safely
every week, and the technology for designing and verifying their safety has
been developed over the past two decades. Combining that body of technology
with the emerging and parallel developments in collision warning and
Avoidance systems for road vehicles provides
the technological basis for automated BRT operations
Constraints
1. In our project
problem may be occurring due to lack of education of common
man.
2.
Problem in loading page.
3.
Problem occurs during online booking.
Assumptions
Our
project provides the facility to customer that they buy their tickets from
everywhere on internet.
FUNCTIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
Bus
Scheduling Module
v Add new schedule
ü The system has a function that allow
the administrator to add the new schedule and destination to the driver
ü The system will check on the same
time , same day and the same driver that already have the schedule or not, if
yes then then the system will not allow the administrator to add the new
schedule for the particular driver on the same time , day and place.
ü If not then the administrator can
assign the new schedule for the particular driver
v Edit Schedule Detail
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to edit the schedule that already assigned. If have any
happen occur so that the administrator need
to reassign the schedule for the driver
v View Schedule Detail
ü The system has a function that allow
the driver to view the schedule that assign by the administrator according to
their name so the driver can know when and what time they should drive the bus
from one destination to another
v Delete Schedule Detail
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to delete a schedule for the particular driver if they feel
that the schedule not suitable for particular driver on that time.
Repairing
Module
v Add new Service
ü The system has a function that allow
the administrator to add new service detail for bus if have bus send for
service and detail will insert into the database
v Edit Service Detail
ü The system has a function to allow
administrator to edit service details such as update the maintenance fees for
the bus service when the bus send back from service company
v Vie Service Detail
ü The system has a function to allow
administrator to view the service details such as which bus still under
maintenance
Reservation
Module
v Add Reservation
ü The system has a function that allows
member to add reservation via online. When the member click the next button
then will go to online payment form to make payment.
v Add Reservation Payment
ü The system has a function that allows
the member to add reservation payment via online
ü When the member click the next button
then will go to online payment form and the member will key in all the
information in the payment form then the system will check the credit card no
and credit card expire date whether is valid or not.
Maintenance
Module
Ø Staff Maintenance
v Add new Staff
ü The system has a function to allow
administrator to add new staff for the company.
ü The system will check the staff IC
whether already exist in the database or not, if the IC for the staff already
exist then the administrator cannot add the new staff and the details to the
company database. If the IC does not exist in the database so that the
administrator can add the new staff for the company database.
v Edit Staff Details
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to edit the staff details for the company if those staff has
change the personal information so they will inform the administrator and the
administrator will help them to update the details for them so there details
will become updated.
v View Staff Details
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to view the staff details in the company database.
ü Administrator can search their
details based on ID and staff name. After select the staff ID from the system
then click the search button then the details for that particular staff ID will
list out in the form to let the administrator to view.
v Delete Staff
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to delete the staff the in the company database if the staff
resign from the company and no longer belong to the company.
Ø Member Maintenance
v Add New Member
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to add new member for company.
ü The system will check the member IC
whether already exist in the database or not, if the IC for the member already exists
then the administrator cannot add the new member and the details to the company
database. If the IC does not exist in the database so that the administrator
can add the new member for the company database.
v Edit Member Details
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to edit the member details for the company if those members
have change the personal information so they will inform the administrator and
the administrator will help them to update the details for them so there
details will become updated.
v View Member Detail
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to view the member details in the company database.
ü Administrator can search their
details based on ID and member name. After select the member ID from the system
then click the search button then the details for that particular member ID
will list out in the form to let the administrator to view.
v Delete Member
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to delete the member the in the company database if the
member wish to withdraw the membership from the company so they can inform the
administrator
Bus Maintenance
v Add new Bus
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to add the new bus for company if the company buys anew bus.
v Edit Bus Detail
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to edit the bus details such as the driver name, engine modal,
transmission modal, color and so on.
v View Bus
ü The system has a function that allows
administrator to view the bus details inside the company database so that can
know how many busses belong to the company.
v Delete Bus
ü The system has a function that allows
the administrator to delete the bus inside the company database if the bus already
used many years and cannot use anymore for the company to carry the passenger.
NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
vConvenient
ü Creating this new system can bring a
lot of convenient to customer and staff for example , If customer need to book
the bus ticket, they no need to go to the bus station to booking or buying the
bus ticket especially the person who is staying very far away from the bus
station. They can directly use this system via internet; it can bring a lot of
convenient to the customer who driving to the bus station for buying bus
ticket. It also bring convenient to the people who are busy, so they can online
booking at any time.
ü Beside that the system brings a lot
of convenient to the staff when they are able to search the information for
customer such as search the bus available time and the seat. It also enables
the staff to maintain the data easier.
ü This system also can bring the
convenient to the manger such as enables the manger to view the report easier
and this system can use to summarize the top sale or provide the daily, monthly
or yearly report and so on. So manager no need to expand a lot of time to view
the hard copy report.
v Improve Efficiency
ü The process time of the current
system are time consuming because the current system are using paper work to
record down all information. Its take a lot of time to serve customer when the
staff searching the available time and seat. The purpose of creating this
system is to improve the efficiency time of process. It can let the staff
search the information faster and easier and maintain the data faster and reduce
the paper work.
v Increase Income
ü Made reservation using online method
can attract more customers because made reservation online can save a lot of
time for the customer. If can let the customer feel convenient, so that they
will come to our company buy the bus ticket more often when they went go to
somewhere around the country so we can earn more income from them.
v Bus And Ticket Information
ü This system can let the customer know
the information about the bus schedule and ticket. Nowadays, online is very
common issue to everyone so that checking information using online can save a
lot of time to the customer. Customer no need go to the counter to asking about
the information of the bus schedule and the schedule.
v Reduce Error Data
The purpose of creating this system is let the
staff to reduce key in wrong data, because system are using the computer to key
in the data, there got some validation to check when staff key in the data
wrongly and system will provide some selection to let staff direct choose the
data. It also reduce the paper work to record all information, so it bring the
benefit for reduce
SYSTEM DESIGN
FUNCTIONAL
MAODAL
Context
level diagram for bus ticketing system
Level 1 DFD for bus ticketing system
Level 2 DFD for bus ticketing system
USE CASE
DIAGRAM
Use case
Description
Actor
1. Passenger
User case
- Login
- Check Availability
- Booking Pass details
- Seat Selection
- Window
- Non Window
- Payment
- Cheque
- Credit card
- Cancellation
- Cancel Receipt Generated
- Payment Deduction
Description
- Login: It
allows the existing user to login.
- Check
Availability: It verifies the user login against the password.
- Booking
Pass details: It allows the user to enter the passenger details.
- Seat
Selection: It allows the user to select the passenger seat.
- Window: It
allows the user to select the window seat.
- Non
Window: It allows the user to select the non-window seat.
- Payment: It
allows the user to make the payment according to the selected mode.
- Cheque: It
allows the user to make the payment.
- Credit
card: It allows the user to make the payment by credit card.
- Cancellation:
It allows the user to make cancellation.
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
Activity diagram
models the logic from workflow to use cases to methods. It borrows most of the
notations from the flowchart but has added the concept of concurrency to support
many modern applications. The arrow traces the flow from beginning to end
through decision and loops, while identifying each logic steps in the process
Activity
diagrams represent the business and operational workflows of a system. An
Activity diagram is a dynamic diagram that shows the activity and the event
that causes the object to be in the particular state Activity modeling focuses
on the execution and flow of the system, rather than how it is implemented.
They are applicable to any type of behavioral modeling. Activity diagrams
captures activities that are made up of smaller actions. When used for software
modeling activities typically represents a behavior invoked as a result of a
method call.
Activity diagrams are typically used for
business process modeling, for modeling the logic captured by a single use case
or usage scenario, or for modeling the detailed logic of a business rule. Although UML activity diagrams could
potentially model the internal logic of a complex operation it would be far
better to simply rewrite the operation so that it is simple enough that you
don’t require an activity diagram. In many ways UML activity diagrams are the
object-oriented equivalent of flow charts and data flow diagrams (DFDs) from
structured development.
The easiest way
to visualize an Activity diagram is to think of a flowchart of a code. The
flowchart is used to depict the business logic flow and the events that cause
decisions and actions in the code to take place
So, what is the importance of an Activity
diagram, as opposed to a State diagram? A State diagram shows the different
states an object is in during the lifecycle of its existence in the system, and
the transitions in the states of the objects. These transitions depict the activities
causing these transitions, shown by arrows.
Sequence
Diagram
Sequence diagram is one kind of
interaction diagrams, which shows an interaction among a set of objects and
their relationships. The purpose of the Sequence diagram is to document the
sequence of messages among objects in a time based view. The scope of a typical
sequence diagram includes all the message interactions for a single use case.
The sequence diagram is used primarily to show the
interactions between objects in the sequential order that those interactions
occur. Much like the class diagram, developers typically think sequence
diagrams were meant exclusively for them. However, an organization's business
staff can find sequence diagrams useful to communicate how the business
currently works by showing how various business objects interact. Besides
documenting an organization's current affairs, a business-level sequence
diagram can be used as a requirements document to communicate requirements for
a future system implementation. During the requirements phase of a project,
analysts can take use cases to the next level by providing a more formal level
of refinement. When that occurs, use cases are often refined into one or more
sequence diagrams
Sequence Diagram for login
Sequence
Diagram for Reservation
Sequence diagram for Cancellation
Class
Diagram
Class diagram, one of the most
commonly used diagrams in object-oriented system, models the static design view
for a system. The static view mainly supports the functional requirements of a
system – the services the system should provide to the end users. We will see
from our practical experience that lots of fun comes out when modeling out
system with class diagrams.
A class diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces, and
collaborations and their relationships.
Class diagrams involve global system description, such as
the system architecture, and detail aspects such as the attributes and
operations within a class as well. The most common contents of a class diagram
are:
Classes
Interfaces
Collaborations
Dependency, generalization, and association relationships
Notes and constraints
Class
Diagram
